The Telephone Was Invented By Alexander Graham Bell

In the 1870’s the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. Before the telephone the only other means of communication was the telegraph and letters. Today we have many other means of communicating with others. We use electronic mail, postal mail, telephone and media to name a few. There is an extraordinary growth in the communication business doubling from $123 billion in 2004 to $282 billion by 2010. The internet based communications systems are vastly improving the efficiency of the supply chain for the 5000 largest companies worldwide. The communication avenues we have today help the United States communicate with other countries around the world. The growth and improvement in worldwide communication adds to the significance of culturally diverse teamwork in large companies. Many companies are using global communication. Companies do not usually have the same costs involved in hiring and managing employees overseas. The ability to successfully manage a culturally diverse organization is crucial to its success. More and more companies are growing and expanding globally. This expansion increases the potential for cultural diversity within a company. When you call your local phone company, wireless provider or long distance supplier, you may be speaking to a customer service representative that is located in India or China. This has created job opportunities for underdeveloped cities, towns and countries. At the same time this has decreased the need for customerShow MoreRelatedThe Invention Of Alexander Graham Bell882 Words   |  4 Pages Alexander Graham Bell was not an American born inventor. He was born in Edinburgh Scotland March 3, 1947. His father was a formal speech teacher. This might account for his early interest in speech and sound. As a boy he was so intrigued with sound he taught himself to play the piano. When he was a teenager his mother began to lose her hearing, and this further perpetuated his entrance and desire to explore sound. Bell was a very smart young man. At age 12 he invented a machine to take theRead MoreEssay about History of Telecommunications588 Words   |  3 Pagesyears. Many inventions such as the telephone, telegraph, and teletypewriter, have all had a profound impact on telecommunications. The telephone definitely is one of the most important inventions in telecommunications history. This device revolutionized the world of telecommunications, and was invented by a man named Alexander Graham Bell. Alexander Graham Bell and his telephone changed the world of telecommunications. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876, with the help of his assistantRead MoreAlexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray: A Race for Credit808 Words   |  3 Pagespeople wonder who was Alexander Graham Bell and who was Elisha Gray. Some say that Alexander was just some person that invited the telephone; Elisha Gray was a person that wanted to be the inverter of the telephone. Alexander was not just some person without him or Elisha Gray it would probably be a long time in until someone thought of the invention. Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), the Scottish-born American scientist and innovator best known as the person who invented the most device peopleRead MoreAlexander Graham Bell1151 Words   |  5 PagesAlexander Graham Bell was a notable scientist and engineer that changed the world with his invention of the telephone. Without the telephone, everyone would not have a reliable communication device. Alexander Graham Bell is considered one of the most influential people in human history. Early Life ~ Alexander Graham Bell was born on March 3rd, 1847 at his family home, 16 South Charlotte Street, in Edinburgh, Scotland. He was born to Professor Alexander Melville Bell and Eliza Grace (nee Symonds)Read MoreAlexander Graham Bell: A Short Biography Essay1636 Words   |  7 PagesAlexander Graham Bell: A Short Biography Upon hearing the name Alexander Graham Bell, we remember the inventor of the telephone. However, Alexander was much more than just the inventor of the telephone. As a matter of fact he was an audiologist. His family was the leading authorities in elocution and speech correction. He had improved and carried on his families business, along with his brothers. Alexander had created the phone at an early age among inventors- only 29. Later in his career BellRead MoreA Brief Biography of Alexander Graham Bell Essay example1345 Words   |  6 Pages 91% of adults use cellphones, and without his invention of the telephone, there would never be cellphones, and the way we communicate with the world would be entirely different. (Pewresarch) Michael Hart’s book The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History ranks Alexander Graham Bell as the forty second most influential person in history and he is one of the most influential persons in history. Alexander Graham Bell’s influences of his father and grandfather caused him to takeRead MoreThe Invention Of The Telephone882 Words   |  4 Pagespeople use telephones on a daily basis, usually without the user considering what process the inventors like Alexander Graham Bell went through in order to produce the first ever version of this device. The telephone has served an important role in connecting people throughout the world with the push of a few buttons. First beginning its journey in the 1830s, the telephone started out as a simple telegraph, invented by Samuel Morse (history.com). According to Antonio, the telegraph was the firstRead MoreAlexander Graham Bell Essay 101602 Words   |  7 PagesAlexander Graham Bell, a man who best known for inventing the telephone. Most people dont know he spent the majority of his life teaching and helping the deaf. Educating the hearing impaired is what he wished to be remembered for. Bell was born on March 3, 1847, in Edinburgh, Scotland. His mother was a painter of miniature portraits and also loved to play the piano even though she was nearly deaf. Alecks mother knew that he had a talent for music and always encouraged him to play (MatthewsRead More Alexander Graham Bell Essay1699 Words   |  7 PagesAlexander Graham Bell Works Cited Missing The importance of Alexander Graham Bell on today’s society is visible, or rather audible, every day and everywhere. First and foremost, Alexander Graham Bell was a prolific teacher of the deaf. This is what he considered to be his true life’s work, but only one of the many important things he did. Through his research of speech and sound, and his creative mind, he would become one of the most influential inventors in modern history. His own definitionRead MoreEssay Alexander Graham Bell1581 Words   |  7 Pages Alexander Graham Bell, a man who best known for inventing the telephone. Most people don’t know he spent the majority of his life teaching and helping the deaf. Educating the hearing impaired is what he wished to be remembered for. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Bell was born on March 3, 1847, in Edinburgh, Scotland. His mother was a painter of miniature portraits and also loved to play the piano even though she was nearly deaf. Aleck’s mother knew that he had a talent for music and always encouraged

What You Do Not Know About Creative Writing College

What You Do Not Know About Creative Writing College Over the duration of the period, students' interests will be developed into the right proposals and pitches essential to pursue commissioned work. In the United States, States have various ways of regulating their colleges. Students have to be a high school junior or senior at the right time of application. Very passionate regarding the school. The Bad Side of Creative Writing College The week before you are going to workshop, you're going to be asked to bring a replica of your work for each individual in the class. Writer's block includes the territory. Also, there are several courses offered over the summertime, so one can complete two decades of a traditional program in a year and a half. Get promoted two or three times. What all you will need is getting the assistance from a specialist and EssaysChief is going to be the expert that you seek out. Creative writing college programs have a tremendous payout when the tra ining course is finished and you have located your way into what you would like to do, however at the start it may be somewhat difficult in regards to financial charges. Information provided includes estimated program expenses and time required to finish the program, financing options and relevant careers. To start with you will have the ability to communicate with the people who you run into contact with and in the procedure make certain that you are in reality understood when it has to do with delivering a specific message. A few of these programs might incorporate a specific section in them where you're going to be taught ways to teach the subject to others. The aim of the program is to assist the writer. Our clients get only error-free and exceptional essays! Therefore, many students and employees decide to acquire cheap essay rather than writing it themselves. Vital Pieces of Creative Writing College Creative Writing students also have the possiblity to study their craft internationally through a variety of international learning experiences. Advanced workshops are available in specific genres for students who would like to further develop creative writing and editing abilities. Our MFA program focuses on the true custom of writing in addition to its literary underpinnings. Creative writing at this level will probably require 60 credits which include a number of liberal arts courses. After some moment, it turns into a very simple matter of picking up the pieces that you require a personal search engine optimization techniques which you use on your site type. Most advertising agencies need aspiring copywriters to have a good background in the area, preferably working for three or more years in the business enterprise. Is the training which goes into SEO website. Copywriting necessitates a superb mixture of solid formal education that has a good writing experience. If you're thinking about employing a copywriter (or becoming one), it's important to understand that there's more than one sort of copywriting and over one kind of copywriter. A copywriter should also be in possession of an excellent grasp of layout and typography because visuals are also quite critical in advertising. The Argument About Creative Writing College Cost doesn't include travel expenses. Checking the course credentials can be a tough task particularly in the event the institution is situated overseas. There are not any risks to purchase custom term paper here. Want to Know More About Creative Writing College? Writing workshops function as the core of our program. English majors who want to compose a creative thesis must finish this program. Remember there are a lot of scholarship programs out there. Second year students may submit an application for the creat ive writing program. Whenever someone dies, we go trying to find poetry. A very extensive word like Fine Arts would mean various things for various fields. Be certain that your bit of writing is original! Another thing you might want to think about before getting into one of the numerous creative writing college programs is how much debt you are ready to incur. Lies You've Been Told About Creative Writing College In the event you were planning on beginning a business online we can assist with that too. Businesses, new or established, obtaining an internet presence is an essential part of success. The web is a significant issue when it has to do with education. Another thing to keep in mind that it is constantly changing creation. FDU's internet student magazine, Sphere, offers students the opportunity to work in all elements of publishing as they collaborate to make the world's very first global student literary journal when making friends and contacts here and around th e world. Women who want to attend a college or university to study journalism might be able to get a wonderful deal of financial aid to produce their dreams come true. Student has to be from the San Francisco Bay region. Students will have a number of opportunities to volunteer locally and discover exactly how much their specific talents are valued in the world whilst making an important contribution to it.

Food Safety and Consumers Constructions †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Food Safety and Consumers Constructions. Answer: Introduction: Divorce or separations in a marriage situation is an issue affecting characters in this position due to the dilemma they face during the sharing of assets and finances after divorce(Chiappori 2002). Depending on the time couples spend in marriages, financial sharing becomes an issue to consider upon dissolution. Every party should benefit from the separation especially if they do not have kids who complicate the situation Marriage agreements in the event of divorce depend on the time made and the kind of contribution each of the parties. However, the law states that in case of a divorce, the couple making more money regardless of their gender is mandated to contribute for spouse maintenance to ensure the wellbeing of the lower paid. It is the right of each partner to benefit from a divorce situation by the fair sharing of properties and finances(Constable 2003). There are therefore some agreements and contracts signed before or after marriage to secure the parties even in the event of a loss. If for example the deal is approved before marriage, the union might be considered as a contractual marriage(Chiappori 2002). Agreements after the wedding are different in such a way that the first intention was not money and therefore the court can be fair when dealing with financial disputes. In the case of Susan, it is her right to ask for more financial support from her advice upon divorce as he earns more and also possesses more assets. Despite the agreement to take a certain amount of money after divorce, she is entitled to more. It is not even under the law to have such like an agreement as marriage is a great responsibility that deserves more appreciation under the law(Constable 2003). The main reason as to why Tom might have asked for such a commitment is because he knows that his wife is worth more upon divorce and did not want to give more Marriage agreements provide more benefit to the couple with less wealth as they have to be supported in the case of a divorce by getting some share of the finances owned by their partner according to the law. Consumer purchase rights act to protect a buyer from binding themselves to a deal before signing any contracts or making the first payments. They can even decide to change their minds and request a different item or cancel their order even after starting their payments(Reform 2010). An individual becomes responsible for an item when they receive it safely from the supplier or seller. During the process of deal-making or transportation, the company is responsible for anything that might happen to their products as they would have to suffer any profits or losses(Reform 2010). When a client has booked a product at lets say $2, and another one comes before the consumer get their order with a higher offer like $4, then the business is allowed to take up this new order. The same way for the consumer, they can change their minds or get a better offer with another supplier after they have already ordered with the previous business. Neither the buyer or the seller is legally limited to have a change of mind even after agreeing except if there is already a down payment or full payment of the goods(Jensen 2005). Steve has a right to choose a product somewhere else despite the improvements that Jason had done on the car to meet his demands. The visits were only unofficial, and there were no deals made or contracts made concerning the purchase(Jensen 2005). It is possible that Steve goes a better deal on the same, or changed preference. Since he had not paid any money for the product, then he was not bound to buying that product. Consumer rights Act protects the buyer from getting forced to purchase a product just because the supplier claim to have to spend a lot to meet their demands before they made a payment. The law protects any individual who gets hurt from a careless practice from either another individual or an organization. Activities involving food should always be conducted under the highest hygiene and consideration to prevent any adverse issues that might result from carelessness(Draper 2002). If you happen to prepare food that is of a contrary impact on the users, then you are held accountable for what might happen to them. So many people have used hotels for food poisoning or food-related diseases as a result of their services and obtained justice and compensation from a court of law(Ergnl 2013). It might, however, depend on whether the party to blame had an idea that their operations could hurt the recipients. Carl was wrong to cook with no experience of cleaning the type of Fish which ended up poisoning his fried Harry. If Harry wants to file a lawsuit against his friend, then he has all the rights because such actions can lead to worse situations later hospitalization, like death(Draper 2002). Conclusion Every consumer is protected against careless activities from others which might end up harming them by regulations that allow them to follow legal procedures and obtain justice. A business should ensure that their advertisement of a particular product matches the properties of resulting item. Exaggerated advertisements or branding might raise consumer expectations and motivate them to make a purchase only to be disappointed(Beauchamp 2004). The law allows for compensation if a consumer is previously misled by a products branding or advertisement. That means that the product they get at the end of the day is not the one they ordered for as there was a misleading information(Grazioli 2000). The public or a specific individual can decide to sue the company for false advertisements and low-quality delivery. Bettys rights were violated because she ordered for a high quality phone with features that were interesting to her only to receive lower than that(Beauchamp 2004). If she is not ready to take this product delivered, then she has a right to push for a refund because the law protects consumers from deception. Apple is in danger of business misconduct because their actions can be described as deception which is against the ethics of operations. References Beauchamp, T.L, 2004, Ethical theory and business. Chiappori, P.A., 2002, ' Marriage market, divorce legislation, and household labor supply. ', Journal of political Economy, pp. 110(1), pp.37-72. Constable, N, 2003, ' A transnational perspective on divorce and marriage: Filipina wives and workers', Global Studies in Culture and Power, pp. 10(2), pp.163-180. Draper, A., 2002, ' Food safety and consumers: constructions of choice and risk. ', Social Policy Administration, vol 36(6), pp. pp.610-625. Ergnl, B, 2013, 'Consumer awareness and perception to food safety: a consumer analysis.', Food control, vol 32(2), pp. pp.461-471. Grazioli, S.A., 2000, 'Perils of Internet fraud: An empirical investigation of deception and trust with experienced Internet consumers.', vol 30(4), no. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part A: Systems and Humans, , pp. pp.395-410. Jensen, S, 2005, ' A legislative history of the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005', pp. 79, p.485. Reform, D.F., 2010, ' Consumer Protection Act. Public Law', , pp. 111, p.203.

Sewmex Case Study free essay sample

As a start the president would like for you, in your capacity as assistant controller, to develop a cost-volume-profit (CVP) model for the SEWMEX facility, which model could be used to address a number of short-term profit-planning issues. In particular, the president would like to get a better handle on exactly what volume of output would be needed to make SEWMEX profitable in the short run (given the present mix of garments produced) and what strategies might be pursued longer term to improve operations and therefore profitability. The president also wonders how, if at all, the issue of foreign exchange rates might complicate the profit-planning process. Therefore, he has charged you with the responsibility of developing the CVP model for SEWMEX, while he looks for a new controller. As someone interested in making a positive impression on the president, you are eager to accept this assignment. The following will be included in the analysis: * Efficiency Related Issues * Summary Report of all Observations and Analysis * Foreign Exchange Rate * Foreign Exchange Risk 5. We will write a custom essay sample on Sewmex Case Study or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Efficiency-Related Issues a. Based on the data provided in the case (e. g. , Table 2), what is the approximate level of planned plant efficiency (i. e. , total SAM output planned per month, relative to total minutes of all assembly labor in the SEWMEX plant)? Product Line| Average SAM per Unit of Product (in minutes)| Monthly Planned Production Level(in minutes [SAMs])| Pants| 50| 1,200,000| Shirts| 40| 1,000,000| Jackets| 90| 200,000| Other| 20| 100,000| TOTAL| | 2,500,000 | The potential output of the plant is shown in the following equation: 500 minutes X 400 operators x 20 days=4,000,000 SAMs The planned production output for the plant is 2,500,000 SAMs, thus the efficiency of the plant at this output is shown below: 2,500,000 4,000,000=. 625 x 100=62. 5% In the context of the SEWMEX, â€Å"efficiency† can be interpreted as the number of SAMs (output) produced per month expressed as a percentage of the total time worked. Thus, increased efficiency would be reflected by output per month (measured in SAMs) greater than the total SAMs reflected in Table 2. b. Based on the current production/sales mix, what overall (or average) efficiency level at SEWMEX is required to breakeven on a monthly basis? Breakeven SAMs = 1,928,555 per month Therefore, the efficiency at breakeven point is: 1,928,5554,000,000= . 48214 x 100=48. 214% c. Prepare a table indicating the monthly pre-tax income, ? B, that would result from changes in plant efficiency (as defined above in (a)) over the range 50% efficiency to 100% efficiency, in increments of 10%. Assume for purposes of this question that demand changes are the cause of monthly production changes and that SEW will continue to purchase all of SEWMEX’s output. Assume, too, that the total number of assembly workers at the SEWMEX plant is unchanged.

HR 434 STUDY GUIDE FOR FINAL EXAM Essay

HR 434 STUDY GUIDE FOR FINAL EXAM Essay HR 434 STUDY GUIDE FOR FINAL EXAM Essay HR 434 Final Exam Study Guide TRUE/FALSE: 1. Legislation Controls the minimum wage. True 2. The U.S. Department of Labor determines minimum wage, overtime, child labor and garnishment regulations. True 3. A well designed compensation system does not require maintenance. False 4. Income Equivalent Payments are commonly referred to as "Spiffs." False 5. The Poverty Class are individuals who usually hold full or part time jobs that pay a wage equal or close to the government established minimum wage. False 6. Exempt workers usually work on salary. True 7. A metric chart provides a more detailed understanding of the job or work flow process. False (See chapter 9) 8. A job title is the most critical part of the job identification. True 9. Managers are a part of an occupational group which pay can vary dramatically. True 10. Paraprofessionals are normally unionized workers. False 11. A performance appraisal is a formal process in which it identifies and documents an employees contribution. True 12. Central Tendency is a rating of average or around to midpoint. True 13. An IRA is a retirement plan that grows money tax deferred. True 14. Severance Pay is a one-time payment upon termination at no fault of the employee. True 15. Expatriate is an employee working at a foreign work site for a period in excess of 1 year. True SELECT THE BEST ANSWER: Question 16. Which of the following employee benefits are influenced by legislation? (Points : 5) Minimum wage Number of hours worked Retirement, unemployment plans and disability insurance All the above Question 17. Who is the largest employer in the United States? (Points : 5) Federal Government United States Postal Service Exxon Oil Company United Auto Workers Question 18. The development and administration of the human resources/personnel budget is a major responsibility of (Points : 5) U.S President Department of Labor Compensation Specialists Congress Question 19. Geographical locations are (Points : 5) physical places where workers reside. regions where pay can differentiate. places where jobs are plentiful. addresses where companies reside. Question 20. Employers usually offer these plans for retirement. (Points : 5) Deferred Income Vacation Paid Trips Severance Pay Question 21. Which chart shows various relationships among individuals, groups, and departments? (Points : 5) Process Chart Metric Chart Depth Chart Organizational Chart Question 22. Qualifications of a job holder is referred to as (Points : 5) a job requirement. a job specification. a skill set a job need. Question 23. Random sampling is a technique that uses (Points : 5) surveys and interviews. questionnaires. variety of statistical methods that may include an array of data random numbers only. Question 24. Team incentives are plans that (Points : 5) pay little compared to individual incentives. give employees compensation to join groups. pay yearly. are restricted to members with payout based on improvements in productivity, customer satisfaction, and financial performance. Question 25. This plan provides an enhanced option for educational savings. (Points : 5) 529 Plan College Savings Plan Educational Savings Plan 654(b) Plan Question 26. The amount of money paid at regular intervals to an employee who retired from a company. (Points : 5) Salary Pension Golden Parachute Contribution Payments Question 27. A payment made by the state to workers who have temporary lost their job. (Points : 5) Welfare State Assistance Unemployment Insurance Unemployment Benefits Question 28. Provides income to beneficiaries in case of death. (Points : 5)

A Sweet Story About Marmalade

A Sweet Story About Marmalade A Sweet Story About Marmalade A Sweet Story About Marmalade By Sharon The other day I was watching the last episode of the Parkinson Show (a UK talk show), when Michael Caine told a story about the origin of the word marmalade. The word refers to a jelly like preserve, usually made of citrus fruits, in which bits of the fruit and rind are suspended. According to Michael Caine, the name comes into the English language via Mary Queen of Scots, who was visiting a French speaking country and fell ill. Marmalade was one of the dishes they brought to tempt her palate and the phrase she overheard constantly was Maam est malade (Madam is ill) which gave the name marmalade (and which, incidentally) is a great way to remember the correct spelling of the word. So I set out to find out if this could be true. Disappointingly, the etymological dictionaries tell a different tale. The word marmalade meant quince jam and comes into English via French and Portuguese, deriving from marmelo meaning quince. Further back, the origin is Latin and Greek, from terms meaning honey-apple, which was the fruit resulting from the grafting of an apple onto a quince. The mystery is solved, but I cant help preferring Michael Caines version. 😉 Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 English Grammar Rules You Should Know45 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned†Epidemic vs. Pandemic vs. Endemic

Philosophy Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Philosophy Ethics - Essay Example The paper also describes the methods to keep ethical code in priority in order to maintain rule of morality and law in society in general and within the organization in particular. I have been working as CEO of ABC Tobacco Company for the last five years, and maintain the credit of multiplying the business volume of my company to almost three fold from the time I assumed the position afore-mentioned. We prepare high quality tobacco for the cigars and cigarettes that produce alluring aroma, and hence, captivates the attraction of smokers and even non-smokers too to some extent. Thus, refined high quality, bewitching fragrance, delicate presentation, stylish packing and economical cost make our product as a very popular brand at regional level. It is therefore the sales volume of our cigarettes is in constant increase, and our company has also brought the characteristics of the product in limelight through advertising campaign at print and electronic media. Somehow, arrival of new brands at low prices has affected our sales, and profit volume may also witness downfall. Consequently, our marketing and advertising department has proposed the advertising of our pro duct outside schools, colleges, universities and health clubs, so that it could fascinate the youth and thus they start buying and consuming the product both secretly and openly. It is a fact beyond suspicion that youth serves as the most emotional and thrilling stratum of society, which appears to be ready to enter into adventures and create excitement in one way or the other. Additionally, harmful, destructive and risky adventures particularly capture their attention, and they are determined to violate the law and thus get involved into the activities the norms, values, mores, traditions and statutes of prevailing law of their society prohibits them to do the

Website Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Website Evaluation - Essay Example The website is basically an organizational web page about Dihydrogen Monoxide Research. Tom Way has the copyrights of this website. Tom Way did his Ph.D. from the University of Delaware and currently an associate Professor of Computer Science at Villanova University. He worked in the Hollywood film industry for 10 years and now he is among the board of directors of the software and Internet services company. It should be noted that the author has been credited for undertaking freelance software engineering. He is a professional magician, filmmaker, actor, writer, and marathon runner. Through a closer look at the details of the website as recommended by Boettcher (2014) for better understanding of content and learning, it comes to understanding that the content of the website contains different researches, information, and impacts of DHMO in everyday life. DHMO is an open website that welcomes all kinds of researches done on the same subject. This website got the last update on May 26th 2014.In case for contacting the director of the website, there is anaddressdirector@dhmo.org. The links are been highlighted in the website for the information regarding DHMO is as follows: All these websites focus on the advantages and disadvantages of DHMO and gives knowledge about its impacts on environment and life. In some websites, it has been claimed that Hydrogen Monoxide is beneficial for human life and environmentally safe while in another claim, it is stated that Dihydrogen Monoxide is a dangerous one. Collectively, this website illustrates all the information of regarding DHMO in all the major aspects of life. This web page depicts vast knowledge about the Dihydrogen Monoxide (DHMO) that is an odorless colorless chemical compound. DHMO the basic component in a lot of many explosive as well as poisonous compound including Sulfuric acid, Nitroglycerine and Ethyl Alcohol. The aim of this website is to provide all the possible knowledge

The First World War Satire Essay Example for Free

The First World War Satire Essay How does Blackadder Goes Forth satirize the First World War and how does it fit into the situation comedy genre as a whole? A situation comedy, or a sit-com, is a comedy series projected from radio or television. The programme itself is based upon how characters react to unusual or comic situations. Situation comedies follow specific characters that encounter situations and then they try and deal with them. In each episode of a situation comedy, the story follows the same characters. Most situation comedies are set in a specific place that forms the set for every episode. A flat is commonly used in situation comedies for the set. Popular examples of flat share situation comedies are Only Fools and Horses and Friends. These two sit-coms are extremely popular, and both are set in a flat. Situation comedies used to form gaps in between more important shows. This was soon changed as the demand for sit-coms massively grew. They are now one of the most dominant television genres around. Blackadder is a situation comedy. It is a most unusual sit-com as in each series the scene is based on a different timeline. Blackadder has been through Elizabethan times, many other timelines and important historical times, and then ends up with the final series in World War One. Most other sit-coms dont do this instead each of their different series is set on the same timeline and in the same place. This is one of the points that make Blackadder different, as in each series the eager watchers dont know what to expect. Blackadder goes forth is also different from the usual sit-com as it is the same situation every episode. The majority of sit-coms dont do this, instead they are based in the same place, but with a different humorous situation with which the characters have to deal with. In Blackadder Goes Forth the situation is exactly the same just the characters deal with it differently. The situation is that Blackadder himself is trying to escape and relieve himself of the hideous atrocities of the First World War. Of course like in any other sit-com, things go very wrong for him and comic experiences pop up along the way. Altogether Blackadder fits into the situation comedy genre in a sense, as it is a sit-com, but is totally different from the majority of other sit-coms. Blackadder has a different story every episode, involves the same characters in every episode, and takes place in the same place in every episode. The differences of Blackadder to the mainstream of sit-coms are shown obviously. This is shown in many ways; one is that Blackadder is set in different historical time in each different series. This attracts viewers to watch Blackadder, because they want to see something new rather than the usual flat share show with people shouting bawdy jokes. This is why the producers of Blackadder have made the show different from the usual sit-com. Another reason why Blackadder is different from most sit-coms is that the situation is the same in every episode of Blackadder. Nearly every other sit-com has different situations and different ways in which the characters tackle these situations. Blackadder Goes Forth doesnt. The situation is of Blackadder trying to escape the war in any way he can. He tries lots of different approaches to deal with his problem, but every episode he fails. This becomes very amusing as no matter how hard he tries; he just cant get out of fighting in the war. Another very important feature in Blackadder that is dissimilar to other sit-coms is the way that even though the scene is set on a historical time scale, Blackadder still has 20th Century views. All the other characters in the whole programme have views of life that relate to the time scale that they are set in, while Blackadder has views of life that we would. This is what makes Blackadder so hilarious to us, as we can relate to precisely what Blackadder is saying and thinking, while all the other characters in the play are trapped in that time zone with historical thoughts, Blackadder makes fun of all the stupid things that happened within that time zone and has the same views and points to express as we do. The one other reason why Blackadder Goes Forth doesnt fit well into the genre of situation comedies is that Blackadder uses satirical comments and elements throughout the programmes. This makes the programme extremely funny, but also makes a point in which we can understand and learn from. Satire is using humour or exaggeration to show what it is bad about a person or thing. Blackadder uses this strongly in all of its episodes in all of its series. Blackadder: Well George, I strongly suspect your long wait for certain death is nearly at an end This is portraying the scene that everyone who wanted action in the war is going to be sent to his or her deaths. The reason why the produces of Blackadder decided to make different historical time scales for their series was possibly so they could use satire to make a point about those different time lines. With Blackadder using satire in this way it gives viewers the humour and hilarity that we get and love from all sit-coms, but also spreading a point across the country about how bad those situations were and how badly our ancestors handled them. So the reason why Blackadder is a funny character is because he is the only sane man and fools surround him. This makes us learn from mistakes that have happened in the past but also provides us with the amusement that we want when we watch a sit-com. Satirical elements are present in Blackadder, even in the title sequence at the start of each episode. There are many satirical elements in the title sequence; the first one being the two rows of five men marching after a sergeant majors command. The first row of soldiers is bandsmen wearing the traditional red colours of the English army. The second row of soldiers is armed forces, wearing the up-to-date camouflage green. This is satirizing the tactics of the British army. The way in which Blackadder does this is by having the bandsmen in red marching in front of the armed forces, it symbolizes that the bandsmen are more important. It shows that playing instruments and wearing smart colours and clothes into battle is more important then staying undetected with camouflage and looking scruffy. This satirizes British tactics and approach to war. It also shows that the British army is out of date, as fighting in bright colours was a thing of the past, showing that the commanders were just old forgotten war heroes who needed to be slapped up-to-date if they wanted to keep their men alive. It also satirizes the fact that blood is to come for those soldiers are behind. The blood red of the bandsmen shirts marching in front of the armed forces means that blood is to come for them and pour from their bullet stricken bodies. There is a character in Blackadder Goes Forth, named baldrick. In the title sequence he is out of place in the band and is franticly running around to find his place. Baldrick is a private in the army. This satirizes the privates as being stupid and out of place fighting in such a war. Also that Baldrick is in the band, and not in the armed forces row like he should be satirizes that he is out of place in the army, and will do more good playing a triangle in a parade. As baldrick is out of place, there is still no place for him in the ranks of men as both are of equal numbers and there is no more room for him. This emphases the point even more that the dim privates are out of place in the war, and they shouldnt be put there, as they dont understand it. How can a man be expected to shoot if he cant even find a place in a band? This is the satirizing point that Blackadder is making when the character baldrick is out of position. Also in the title sequence General Melchett and Captain Darling are standing atop a podium watching the soldiers march. General Melchett is wearing cavalry clothes. This satirizes the generals in the war by showing that they are out of touch and out of date with the tactics of war. They still think that cavalry are the best option to winning a battle, but now that machine guns have been invented cavalry are useless. Yet the generals do not know this, and assume that old tactics are good, but they arent. Captain Darling is cowering behind the General. This satirizes the Captains in the war. This shows that they were cowards and used the Generals as protection to stop them having to fight. Further on in the title sequence Lieutenant George is smiling in a childish way as he marches forwards. This is satirizing the pompous Lieutenants. Showing that they believe that war is just a game, and they should enjoy every minute off it. This is of course the wrong attitude to take to war, as you killed be obliterated any second. Aside from the title sequence, the whole programme contains satirical elements throughout its course, one of these being the living conditions of the soldiers shown in the programme. Blackadder opens up the programme of the last ever episode of Blackadder goes forth with: Hullo, Somme Public Baths. No running, shouting or piddling in the shallow end. Aside from this being droll, it also makes a great satirical point on how the living conditions of the soldiers actually were. The soldiers were caked in mud up to their elbows and sopping wet with the continuous moral beating rain. It satirizes how bad the living conditions really were by basically saying it was wet, and the rain was the least of the soldiers problems at that time. Private baldrick explains that the coffee that all the soldiers have been drinking for months is actually hot mud. He also describes what each of the elements of the coffee is. He states that the milk is saliva, the sugar is dandruff and although he doesnt state what the chocolate sprinklings are, he gives us a very good idea of what they could be! All this satirizes the living conditions of the poor soldiers that had to live in here day in and day out. They were soaked in rain, encrusted in mud, and drinking hot mire with all manner of things inside, but worst of all being pounded by shells all day long. Blackadder Goes Forth also satirizes everyones attitudes to war. Starting with the Generals, they had the worst attitude towards war. As the Generals were not in the trenches and not experiencing the horrors of war, they had no idea what it was like. The generals still thought war was what it used to be, fighting against unarmed enemies that cant win the fight. As general Melchett explains, That pigmy woman with the sharpened mango could have seriously Apart from this being comical, it has a real satirizing point to it. The old wars in which the English used to fight were against aborigines with no weapons other than maybe a spear. The English couldnt really loose a battle against such little an opposition, and from that day they thought they could win any battle that faced them, as they were full of themselves over their glorious victories. This is the attitude that the generals still possessed when commanding in World War One, especially in the Somme area that Blackadder goes forth is set. It satirizes the generals lack of understanding of modern warfare, and shows how they believe they will always win. In the episode Goodbyeee, Field Marshall Haig is playing with toy soldiers. This is satirizing the generals perspective of warfare, and apart from it being hilarious it proves just what the generals were like. They thought that war was a game and that it didnt matter who won or lost. This is shown as Haig knocks over a handful of the plastic soldiers on his model battlefield. Blackadder himself satirizes the advance and progress the army has made while at war, Weve advanced as far as an asthmatic ant with heavy shopping. Apart from this being droll, it satirizes how far the army progresses with such stupid and out of date tactics and childish generals. This relates highly to World War One as the army progressed about a few inches a year, as the generals just didnt know what to do. Another main thing that is satirized is the ranks of different troops. With the generals, they thought that war was just a game. This is shown and satirized in Blackadder by the way the general plays with toy soldiers. He used this as his tactics, moving individual toys and then knocking them over in one fell swoop. This actually shows that he expected his men to die, but sent them in regardless of the consequences, as he was bored of sitting in one place for a long period of time. Being incredibly child-like satirizes the lieutenants. This is shown in the character George. He is satirizing the pompous upper-class lieutenant. He always has a silly grin on his face and relates everything that happens in the war to a well know game of some sort. He even states that he played tiddly winks when signing up to volunteer for the war. He makes such remarks as by saying, we ducked and we dived. This is satirizing views of many soldiers in the war, as they just didnt have a clue about what it was really like. They just thought it was like participating in a sport match, and whatever the outcome, no one would get hurt, but how wrong they were. The other rank that is displayed and satirized in Blackadder is the private. Baldrick plays this role, and acts as the dim private, which is exactly what he is. He is always one step behind everyone else, in the mental way, and in the literal way. As in the title sequence he is behind everyone, and in the speeches he is behind everyone. He is satirizing the low-class dim private. At the end of the last episode Goodbyeee, just before they are about to go over the top, baldrick is more concerned about getting a splinter while climbing the ladder then getting mowed down in a hail of lead by a machine gun. This is because he doesnt understand what is going on. This is satirizing the fact that the dim people shouldnt be there, because if they dont understand what they are doing, how can they possibly fight? Captain Blackadder plays the other rank. He is the only commonsensical man in the whole warfare situation. This is how Blackadder is made funny, as he satirizes everything around him and makes fun of everything. He shares our views of the war, and tries in vain to get out of fighting just as we would, but to no amend, as the generals cant understand why he would possibly not want to go out and fight. This satirizes the generals lack of understanding. Fools surround Blackadder, this satirizes that everyone fighting was a fool, and with such stupid people everywhere, how can they win the war. It also satirizes that no one understands the war, no matter how clever or how high rank. And that everyone is as stupid as the private as they have no idea to fight a war more than he does. The equipment is the last thing that is satirized. This is done by the sticks that the higher ranking officers hold. These sticks do nothing at all. I wouldnt want to face a machine gun without one of these George explains to Blackadder. This is satirizing the fact that some of the equipment had no purpose, and some of the people didnt have a clue what a machine gun could actually do to you.

The Dominican Republic :: essays research papers

The Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic is located on the island of Hispanola located in the Caribbean Sea. It takes up about 2/3 of the island which it shares with Haiti. Dominican Republic's total area is 48,734 square kilometers. The Dominican Republic Jas a tropical maritime climate. The temperatures are moderated though by the ocean currents and year-round trade winds. The average temperature is around 720F and 800F, it hardly ever drops below 600F and it also hardly ever riser above 900F. It isn't uncommon though to get frost in the higher elevations. Dominican Republic's rainy season is between May and November rainfall is the heaviest in the north and east of the country. Although agriculture is the most important resource in the Dominican Republic it has many mineral resources. Some of these resources are nickel being the leading export as well as bauxite, gold, and rock salt. The population of the Dominican Republic is around 7.8 million. Close to 40% of that population is under the age of 16. More and more Dominicans are migrating to the cities for a better chance at life. This has greatly effected the rural population by shrinking it steadily. About half of the total population is located between Santiago de los Caballeros and San Pedro de Macoris. Another 1/3 of the population is located in the capitol city of Santo Domingo and between the cities of La Romana and San Cristobal. The annual growth rate is estimated to be at 1.71% for the next couple of years until the year 2000. Mulattos form the largest ethnic group in the Dominican Republic being roughly 73% of the population. The next largest group is 16% Caucasian and 11% Black. The life expectancy from birth is for males 65 years and for females 69 years. Out of 100,000 live births 61.4% of the babies die. The start religion for the Dominican Republic is Roman Catholicism. Over 90% of the population is Catholic. Free public education is offered through the high school level and attendance is mandatory through the 6th grade. A lot of the Dominicans don't finish school for various reasons. Although 3/4 of the residents start school only about 1/3 finish. Some of the urban families send their children to private schools called colegios. As for after high school there is universities and trade schools. The Dominican Republic currently has about 1 telephone per every 24 people in the country. There are roughly 16 million long distance calls and 5 million international calls made in the country every year. There is 11,400 Km of roads in the Dominican Republic and 49% of that amount of roads are paved.

Leading Equality and Diversity Essay

Be able to understand the commitment to equality of opportunity and diversity 1. 1 – Evaluate the organisation’s commitment to equality of opportunity and diversity Equality and diversity means that every service user has their individual needs comprehensively addressed. He or she will be treated equally and without discrimination. This is regardless of the individual’s ethnic background, language, culture, faith, gender, age, sexual orientation or any other aspect that could result in their being discriminated against purely because they have such characteristics. Ashley Care LLP is firmly committed to diversity in all areas of our work. We believe that we have much to learn and profit from diverse cultures, experiences and perspectives, and that diversity will make our organisation more effective in meeting the needs of all our stakeholders. We believe that equality and diversity within our organisation contributes to our objectives and we are especially conscious of the fact that effective partnership relationships require a shared commitment to equality of opportunity and valuing and managing diversity. Our Equality and Diversity Policy helps to ensure that there is no unjustified discrimination in the recruitment, retention, training and development of staff on the basis of gender including transgender, marital status, sexual identity, religion and belief, political opinion, race, work pattern, age, disability or HIV/AIDS status, socio-economic background, spent convictions, on the basis of having or not having dependants, or any other irrelevant grounds. Our Policy is an integral way on which we handle our recruitment procedures to ensure a fair and approachable image of our organisation. Ashley Care LLP have an Equality, Diversity and Inclusivity Policy and its purpose is to ensure that its service is fully committed to these principles and values and to communicate this commitment to all stakeholders. The policy should always be referred to wherever differences of view based on lack of understanding or prejudice about diversity, equality and inclusion are evident. Equality, diversity and inclusion means that every service user has their individual needs comprehensively addressed he or she will be treated equally and without discrimination. This is regardless of the individual’s ethnic background, language, culture, faith, gender, age, sexual orientation or any other aspect that could result in their being discriminated against purely because they have such characteristics. 1. 2Discuss how behaviour, actions and words of all members of the organisation support the commitment to equality of opportunity and diversity At Ashley Care LLP we are committed to working together to build a community founded on equality of opportunity – a social care community which celebrates the rich diversity of our service users and staff populations. Discriminatory behaviour has no place in our community and will not be tolerated. Within a spirit of respecting difference, our equality and diversity policies promise equal treatment and opportunity for all regardless of gender, sexuality, race, colour, disability, religion, age, and ethnicity or nationality. We call on all members of our company to make a personal commitment to these aims. Our Partners of the Company will ensure that its own actions promote equality and diversity. Through their words and behaviours, Partners will aim to provide genuine equality of opportunity regardless of gender, sexuality, race, colour, disability, religion, age, and ethnic or national origin. In considering its own composition and filling vacancies, the Partners will seek to ensure that its membership embraces the widest possible variety of backgrounds and views, consistent with the need to maintain a Partnership with the skills and experience necessary to carry out its responsibilities. Ashley Care LLP expresses its commitment to equality and diversity by: a. especting service users’ ethnic, cultural and religious practices and making practical provision for them to be observed b. reassuring its service uses that their diverse backgrounds enhance the quality of experience of the service c. accepting service users as individuals, not as cases or stereotypes d. involving service users to express their individuality and to follow their preferred lifestyle, also helping them to celebrate events, anniversaries or festivals which are important to them as individuals e. howing positive leadership and having management and human resources practices that actively demonstrate a commitment to equality and diversity principles f. developing an ethos throughout Ashley Care LLP that reflects these values and principles g. expecting all staff to work to equality and diversity principles and policies and to behave at all times in non-discriminatory ways h. providing, training, supervision and support to enable staff to do this i. aving a code of conduct that makes any form of discriminatory behaviour unacceptable; this is applicable to both staff and service users and is rigorously observed and monitored accordingly. Partners will devote time to the development of their own knowledge, understanding and practices to promote and achieve equality and respect for diversity and will see such development as one test of their effectiveness. The achievement of genuine equality of opportunity is at the heart of our mission as a provider of higher education. We aim to build a learning community which exhibits the diverse range of skills and experience which cannot be found within any single group of students or staff. In pursuing this aim, we want our community to value and to be at ease with its own diversity and to reflect the needs of the wider community within which we operate. Although we accept all of our responsibilities under current legislation, we aim to reach beyond the strict confines of the law to provide equality of opportunity for all. We will continue to formulate and implement policies to that end. Every member of our company has a moral and legal responsibility to promote equal treatment within that community and to respect its diversity. Overall responsibility for working with our community in support of these aims lies with the Senior Partner, closely supported by the other Partners. The HR & Workforce Development Manager is responsible for matters relating to equality of opportunity in employment, for developing policies which meet legislation and best practice, for monitoring the impact of these policies on different minority groups, and for providing relevant employment statistics. All staff and service users are responsible for ensuring that their actions are carried out in accordance with this policy. They may be held personally to account should their actions fall sort of the requirements of this policy in any way. We are committed to being an equal opportunities employer. We wish to see people from all groups in our society represented at all levels of employment, to ensure that no available talent is overlooked and to provide role models for our staff members. 1. 3Identify organisational and personal responsibilities and liabilities under equality legislation and codes of practice The Equality Act became law in October 2010. It replaces previous legislation (such as the Race Relations Act 1976 and the Disability Discrimination Act 1995) and ensures consistency in what we needed to do to make our workplace a fair environment and to comply with the law. â€Å"This was, primarily , the Equal Pay Act 1970, the Sex Discrimination Act 1975, the Race Relations Act 1976, the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and three major statutory instruments protecting discrimination in employment on grounds of religion or belief, sexual orientation and age. † en. wikipedia. rg/wiki/Equality_Act_2010 The public sector Equality Duty (section 149 of the Act) came into force on 5 April 2011. The Equality Duty applies to public bodies and others carrying out public functions. It supports good decision-making by ensuring public bodies consider how different people will be affected by their activities, helping them to deliver policies and services which are efficient and effecti ve; accessible to all; and which meet different people’s needs. The Equality Duty is supported by specific duties, set out in regulations which came into force on 10 September 2011. The specific duties require public bodies to publish relevant, proportionate information demonstrating their compliance with the Equality Duty; and to set themselves specific, measurable equality objectives. The Equality Act covers the same groups that were protected by existing equality legislation – age, disability, gender reassignment, race, religion or belief, sex, sexual orientation, marriage and civil partnership and pregnancy and maternity – it extends some protections to some of the groups not previously covered, and also strengthens particular aspects of equality law. The Equality Act is a mixture of rights and responsibilities that have: * Stayed the same – for example, direct discrimination still occurs when â€Å"someone is treated less favourably than another person because of a protected characteristic† * Changed – for example, employees will now be able to complain of harassment even if it is not directed at them, if they can demonstrate that it creates an offensive environment for them * Been extended – for example, associative discrimination (direct discrimination against someone because they associate with another person who possesses a protected characteristic) will cover age, disability, gender reassignment and sex as well as race, religion and belief and sexual orientation Been introduced for the first time – for example, the concept of discrimination arising from disability, which occurs if a disabled person is treated unfavourably because of something arising in consequence of their disability. As a result, I needed to review and change most of our policies and practices. 2. Be able to understand the application of equality of opportunity and diversity 2. 1 – Describe the organisation’s equality and diversity policies and how these are communicated within the workplace To ensure equality and diversity is no longer viewed as something only affecting minority groups, any issues need to be viewed not as issues, but as something to be explored and celebrated. Staff could be personally affected by stereotyping, prejudice and/or discrimination when attending work, which could lead to non attendance or non achievement. As a manager I need to ensure all my staff value one another and that the basic rights they are entitled to, for example to learn in a comfortable and safe environment are met. The Pre-Employment Induction to Ashley Care LLP include details of all policies and procedures, including equality and diversity, which are brought to the attention of the staff members during their initial interview and during the induction session. Having a policy is not enough, Ashley Care LLP also have a working group to ensure that the policies are promoted, monitored and regularly reviewed. Policies are also communicated to all staff through the following mechanisms: * Staff handbook * Contract of Employment * Application Form * Team meetings * Staff meetings Ashley Care LLP fully supports all principles of equality and diversity, and opposes any unfair or unlawful discrimination on the grounds of ability, age, colour, culture, disability, domestic circumstances, employment status, ethnic origin, gender, learning difficulties, marital status / civil partnership, nationality, political conviction, race, religion or belief, sexual orientation and/or social background. Ashley Care LLP aims to ensure that equality and diversity is promoted among all staff and service users and that unfair or unlawful discrimination, whether direct or indirect, is eliminated to promote a climate of equality and respect. All staff can expect to work in an environment free from harassment and bullying. † Taken from Ashley Care LLP’s policy on Equality and Diversity 2. 2 – Assess the application of the organisation’s commitment to equality of opportunity and dive rsity The evidence that Ashley Care LLP have collected over the years clearly demonstrate our commitment to equality and diversity. The application form states that â€Å"Ashley Care LLP is an equal opportunities employer and we welcome applications from all sections of the community. We are committed to a policy of equal opportunities for all work seekers and shall adhere to our policy at all times. We review all aspects of recruitment to avoid unlawful or undesirable discrimination. † Our policy states that â€Å"Equality and diversity means that every service user has their individual needs comprehensively addressed. He or she will be treated equally and without discrimination. This is regardless of the individual’s ethnic background, language, culture, faith, gender, age, sexual orientation or any other aspect that could result in their being discriminated against purely because they have such characteristics. † Within our policy we also state that â€Å"Ashley Care LLP expresses its commitment to equality and diversity by: a. respecting service users’ ethnic, cultural and religious practices and making practical provision for them to be observed b. reassuring its service uses that their diverse backgrounds enhance the quality of experience of the service c. accepting service users as individuals, not as cases or stereotypes d. nvolving service users to express their individuality and to follow their preferred lifestyle, also helping them to celebrate events, anniversaries or festivals which are important to them as individuals e. showing positive leadership and having management and human resources practices that actively demonstrate a commitment to equality and diversity principles f. developing an ethos throughout Ashley Care LLP that reflects these values and principles g. expecting all staff to work to equality and diversity principles and policies and to behave at all times in non-discriminatory ways h. providing, training, supervision and support to enable staff to do this i. aving a code of conduct that makes any form of discriminatory behaviour unacceptable; this is applicable to both staff and service users and is rigorously observed and monitored accordingly. † 2. 3 – Review the diversity of the workforce against the local and/or national population and identify areas for review. Diversity is about valuing and respecting the differences in the workforce, regardless of ability and/or circumstances or any other individual characteristics they may have. If you have more than one member in your workforce you will experience diversity. I am also different from my workforce in many ways, and they are different from one another, therefore they are entitled to be treated with respect, wi th their differences taken into consideration. Combined together, equality and diversity drive an organisation to comply with anti-discrimination legislation as well as emphasising the positive benefits of diversity such as drawing on a wider pool of talent, positively motivating all employees and meeting the needs of a wider customer base. Differences should be acknowledged, celebrated and embraced, to ensure all employees feel included in the process to be followed, and that the working environment is suitable for all. Examples of these differences are: * ability| * disability – physical or mental| * age| * domestic circumstances| * belief| * educational background| * colour| * employment status| * class| * ethnic origin| clothing worn| * experience| * confidence| * gender| * culture| * intelligence| * language, accent, dialect| * race| * learning difficulties| * religion| * marital status / civil partnership| * sexual orientation| * nationality| * social class or identity| * occupation| * talent| * parental status| * tr adition| * physical characteristics| * transgender| * political conviction| * wealth| Promoting diversity in the workforce is about attracting and retaining the best people, regardless of what group they belong to. â€Å"There is considerable evidence to show that inclusive organisations benefit from diversity through: enhanced competitiveness, attracting and retaining more competent employees, who understand the needs of their workforce and respect differences; * improved performance and outcomes, creating a working environment in which everyone is encouraged to perform to their maximum potential; * improved customer services, being able to reflect and meet the diverse needs of the workforce and; * improved staff relations, which reduced the risk of costly tribunals by complying with anti-discriminatory legislation. † www. lluk. org. uk/3167. htm As a manager working within the Health ;amp; Social Care Sector, I agree with the above statement, particularly creating a working environment in which everyone is encouraged to perform to their maximum potential. An inclusive organisation will ensure that their workforce are not excluded for any reason, either directly or indirectly, from part aking in a chosen programme. All the workforce will bring with them valuable skills, knowledge and experiences, I try to incorporate these within any training sessions and treat everyone as an individual. I am always positive and proactive where equality and diversity are concerned, even if my opinions differ from those of my workforce. I have to challenge my own values and beliefs. However, as a professional, I am first and foremost a manager, and my personal opinions must not interfere with the employment process. I must also be careful not to indulge the minority to the detriment of the majority. 3. Be able to understand the needs of others in relation to equality of opportunity and diversity 3. 1 – Explain the requirement to understand individual’s needs, feeling and motivations and to take an interest in their concerns The fundamental reason for promoting equality is to meet the needs of the workforce. Individuals are at the heart of the company and meeting their needs requires an active approach to equality of opportunity at all stages of their employment. It is about the removal of social and economic barriers to participation. Good equal opportunities ensure that all employees: * are respected and not discriminated against; * become aware of equality and inclusion; * benefit from high quality opportunities * work in an environment that supports their development. The Learning and Skills Council (LSC) look to employers and learning organisations they fund to help promote equality of opportunity, widen participation and improve performance. They recommend the following. â€Å"Explicit references: equality of opportunity should be promoted and discrimination tacked so that all employees achieve their potential, * guidance and support should be sensitive to quality of opportunity, * organisations should have effective measures to eliminate oppressive behaviour, including all forms of harassment, * companies should be socially inclusive, ensuring equality of access and opportunities for workforces, * managers should use materials and methods that promote equality of opportunity, * there should be explicit aims, values and strategies promoting equality for all that are reflected in the organisation’s work. Implicit references: staff should have access to relevant, effective support on personal issues, * staff should understand their rights and responsibilities, * resources and accommodation should allow all staff to participate fully, * organisations should promote good working relationships, * programmes should be responsive to local circumstances, * the organisation’s values should be fully understood by staff, including sub contractors and work placement organisations, * the performance of different groups of staff should be used to guide programme development. As a manager I need to take positive steps to promote a culture of equality and diversity in everything that I do that may affect the employment process. 3. 2 – Evaluate the impact of showing respect to others, recognising their value and upholding their rights An example of showing respect to others, recognising their value and upholding their rights could be: An employee has declared to me during this Common Induction Standards training that he is transgender and wants to know which toilet facilities he can use. He has not asked this information remain confidential. This declaration by the employee means that my whole organisation is deemed to know under the Equality Act 2010, and will need to make reasonable adjustments so that the employee has access to toilet facilities he is comfortable with. I may suggest that the employee can use the disabled toilet which is accessed by both males and females. If I am unable to respond to the employee’s needs, he may feel that under the Gender Reassignment Regulations (1999) his needs have not been given the same consideration as those of male and female gender. Some employees may not want to may not want to complete the section on the application form (pre 2008), which required them to disclose details such as a disability, ethnic origin, date of birth etc. Although it was not compulsory, the information often helped our organisation support the workforce, as well as collect data for purposes such as funding and statistics to inform policies. 3. 3 – Describe the need for integrity, fairness and consistency in dealings with individuals When considering forms of harassment, it is important to bear in mind that different people have different cultural and social perceptions as to what they consider to be hostile or degrading. If possible, deliver sessions with your workforce to try to address these perceptions or assumptions. During the recruitment and selection process, I often ask the interviewers what they understand by equality and diversity and how they ensure it in their interviewing. Very often the response is that they would treat everyone the same. However, diversity, fairness and equality are about treating others as they would wish to be treated, rather than making assumptions on their behalf. The workforce is all different and therefore have different needs and different degrees of need which will lead to equal outcomes at the end of their training. Language has a fundamental role to play in treating people fairly. Words you use should give a clear message to all the workforce that myself and my organisation value diversity and respect individual differences. Carefully examining the language I use and the way I use it will help ensure that I treat my workforce as individuals and not merely as members of staff. Communication is not just about words, however, and I also should ensure that my tone of voice, demeanour and body language convey the same message of inclusiveness. An example may be: Gemma has been asked to plan, design and deliver a four week Job Skills programme as part of a Support and Achieve Programme for Lone Parents. The clients are referred to the programme from JobCentrePlus and the aim of the project is for the one parents to return to work. The very title of this project typecasts these clients into a particular group. They are immediately identified as lone or single parents. Gemma therefore suggests the title be changed. Reports from the media project an image of lone parents as predominately young mothers or fathers with children living on their own and claiming state benefits. There are many diverse people who find themselves as lone parents due to different circumstances, for example, widows, windowers or divorcees. The title of a programme can therefore affect who will apply for it, in this example it is positive discrimination in favour of lone parents. However, the content will be based around returning to work and could easily be adapted to suit others, and the mix of workers will help promote inclusion and equality. 3. 4 – Outline a process for dealing with others whose behaviours, words or actions do not support a commitment to equality of opportunity or diversity When an inspection is planned, the Care Quality Commission (CQC) uses the provider’s annual self-assessment report, along with other information such as data on achievement and development plans. Inspection reports include judgements on self-assessment and the self-assessment report. During the inspection the self-assessment report will continue to provide CQC inspectors with crucial evidence to support judgements about the Essential Standards of Quality and Safety’s main aspects, the contributory grades for equality and diversity, safeguarding and the provider’s capacity to improve. Inspectors will use the report to assess risk, monitor standards and plan for inspection. Where subject areas are to be inspected, the report will help the lead inspector select the areas to inspect. Findings during the inspection will be compared with those in the self-assessment report, and a conclusion reached on the accuracy of those judgements. Judgements on the accuracy and use made of the self-assessment report contribute to the grade awarded for the provider’s capacity to make and sustain improvements. A provider that is judged to be outstanding in this area will have a self-assessment report that is highly accurate. The process of self-assessment will be comprehensive and inclusive. It will be used very effectively to secure sustained improvements in all aspects of the provider’s work. A provider that is judged to be good in this area will have a self-assessment report that is largely accurate. The process will be thorough and used well to secure improvements in most aspects of the provider’s work. A provider that is judged to be satisfactory in this area will use self-assessment well to identify most of the provider’s strengths and weaknesses and bring about improvements. A provider judged to be inadequate in this area may be one where quality improvement and self-assessment do not lead to demonstrable improvements. After inspection you must review and update your plans to take account of the inspection findings. Providers are required to set out clearly what actions are needed and to link this explicitly to the inspection findings within two months of the publication of the inspection report.

My Life Essay

Everyone seems to ask themselves what do they really want from their life? What are we all really striving for? While people should ask themselves what can they do to help others? When a person helps other they meet their physical and emotion need. Helping others also brings compassion and compassion equals a better society. From a person coming from a rich family they have more opportunities open to them to achieve what they want. While a person from a poor family doesn’t have the â€Å"easy life† compared to the person from the rich family. A person coming from a poor family has to go through more obstacles, and struggles to achieve what they want. When you actually make that goal it feels you up with joy. My father works two jobs and is still struggling to pay the bills. One of my goals is to have a stable career so that neither my mother and father have to worry about paying the bills on time. I would like to be a major league baseball player or a successful entrepreneur in the music business. At the beginning of each goal you will always set unrealistic standards that you slowly but surely can adjust to become realistic. For now, my first major goal in high school is to recive a 3. 5 or higher. With that, good grades are necessary and I would, or rather, I will maintain As, and Bs in all of my classes. I believe with god grades I can accomplish much mre in life and have more opportunities. Followed up by that I would like to of course, graduate high school and set myself ready for whatever comes next in my life. And this would be entering a university of my choice such as Florida state university. I would like to be able to graduate high school with good grades and a high GPA to give me the opportunity to choose what university I would like to attend instead of having to settle for less. With major goals there also comes minor goals. My first minor goal is to be a good student. I would like to actually get along with my teachers and be able to comfortably communicate with them. With respect like if they were any other person. Throughout my years in school I’ve learned that teachers are not only there to teach but their here to help and id very much like to have the opportunity to be helped by people who care and who can help me stay on the right track. My goals are set and I plan on achieve them no matter what because I never give up on a plan that I set myself up and that I know that I will do well in. I Study whenever I get the chance to achieve my goal for a Gpa of 3. 5.  I also train everyday whether I’m at practice or not so I can have an advantage over the other players because I work harder and have more dedication to the sport that I love to play. I’ve dedicated my heart into baseball because I’ve been playing it since I was in elementary school I was raised to never give up on your goal and to fulfill it to the very end. I feel that I am the perfect man for the job and I would be very grateful if you gave me the opportunity to have this job. I am a hard worker I will stay on top of my work and do everything on time and will never slack off.

Writing for Your Audience

Writing for Your Audience Writing for Your Audience Writing for Your Audience By Erin Im an editor and moderator at Toasted Cheese, a literary magazine and writing community. Recently, one of our members posted a question that I thought was worth addressing here. Hed turned in a college paper, and his professor told him he needed to create more distance from the reader. It all comes down, I think, to keeping your intended audience in mind. In my college writing class, I teach my students to adjust their style according to the assignment. In a personal narrative, for example, an informal tone is welcome. In a research paper, however, that same informal tone can work against the writer. Here are a few general tips: Reserve first person for informal writing like personal narratives, blogs, editorials and columns, and of course, fiction. Avoid addressing the reader (you) and speaking for the reader (we/us), except in informal writing. Both practices run the risk of alienating the reader. Avoid contractions and slang. Ive actually had students who have used curse words and colloquial expressions (bros before hos) in papers theyve turned in to me! Unless it serves a clear purpose, its not going to impress anyone. Be specific, and dont include unsubstantiated claims in formal papers. Research papers need evidence and quotations to back up the authors thesis. Before you begin any piece of writing, ask yourself three questions: What is my purpose? (What do I hope to accomplish with this piece?) Who is my audience? (Who am I writing this for?) And finally, what is the appropriate tone for the writing Im doing? (Formal? Informal? Humorous? Serious?) If you can answer those questions, youll be well on your way to writing appropriately for your audience. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Slang Terms for Money75 Synonyms for â€Å"Talk†Types of Plots

11 Memorial

Arads Vision for the National 9/11 Memorial Rebuilding anything is hard work. Nearly two years after the 9-11 terrorist attacks, New York developers announced a challenge - design a memorial for a shocked and grieving nation. Anyone could enter the competition. Entries poured in from architects, artists, students, and other creative people around the world. A panel of 13 judges reviewed 5,201 proposals. It took six months to select the designs of eight finalists. Behind closed doors, one of the judges, Maya Lin, praised a simple memorial originally titled Reflecting Absence. The 34-year-old  architect, Michael Arad, had never built anything larger than a police station. Yet submission 790532, Arads model for the memorial, stayed in the hearts and minds of the judges. Michael Arads Vision Michael Arad had served in the Israeli Army, studied at Dartmouth College and Georgia Tech, and eventually settled in New York. On September 11, 2001, he stood on the roof of his Manhattan apartment building and watched the second plane strike the World Trade Center. Haunted, Arad began sketching plans for a memorial long before the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation (LMDC) launched their competition. Arads concept for Reflecting Absence featured two 30-foot deep voids, symbolizing the absence of the fallen Twin Towers. Ramps would lead down to underground galleries where visitors could stroll past cascading waterfalls and pause at the plaques engraved with the names of those who died. Arads design was truly three-dimensional, with subterranean features as pronounced as those at street level. The design, Arad later told Places magazine, drew inspiration from the simple, sculptural work of architects Louis Kahn, Tadao Ando, and Peter Zumthor. Although the judges admired Michael Arads entry, they felt that it needed more work. They encouraged Arad to join forces with California landscape architect Peter Walker. By all reports, the partnership was rocky. However, in the spring of 2004 the team unveiled an expanded plan that incorporated a scenic plaza with trees and walkways. Trouble Looms for the 9/11 Memorial Critics responded to the 9/11 Memorial plans with mixed reviews. Some called Reflecting Absence moving and healing. Others said that the waterfalls were impractical and the deep pits hazardous. Still others protested the idea of memorializing the dead in a space located underground. To make matters worse, Michael Arad butted heads with architects in charge of the New York reconstruction projects. Daniel Libeskind, master planner for the World Trade Center site, said that Reflecting Absence did not harmonize with his own Memory Foundations design vision. The architects chosen for the underground National 9/11 Museum, J. Max Bond, Jr. and others from the Davis Brody Bond architecture firm, came on board and tweaked Arads subsurface memorial design - apparently against Arads wishes. After stormy meetings and construction delays, cost estimates for the memorial and the museum soared to nearly $1 billion. In May 2006, New York Magazine reported that Arads memorial teeters on the brink of collapse. Michael Arads Dream Triumphs The World Trade Center towers (the  skyscrapers) and the Transportation Hub are the business end of what is built at Ground Zero in Lower Manhattan. Early on, however, politicians, historians, and community leaders knew that a good part of the real estate had to be dedicated to the people affected by the terrorist tragedy. This meant a memorial and museum within one of the largest spaces set aside for redevelopment. Who was involved? Architects of the underground museum (Davis Brody Bond); architects of the aboveground pavilion entrance to the museum (Snà ¸hetta); architect of the memorial (Arad); landscape architect for the memorial / museum plaza area (Walker); and the architect of the Master Plan (Libeskind). Compromise is the cornerstone of every great project. Like Libeskinds dramatically altered Vertical World Garden, Reflecting Absence saw many transformations. Its now known as the National September 11 Memorial. The names of those who died areinscribed on the bronze parapet on the plaza level, instead of in underground galleries. Many other features that Arad wanted have been modified or eliminated. Still, his core vision - deep voids and rushing water - remains intact. Architects Michael Arad and Peter Walker worked with a water architect and many engineers to construct the enormous waterfalls. Family members or victims remained actively involved as they deliberated over the arrangement of the engraved names. On September 11, 2011, ten years after the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, a formal dedication ceremony marked the completion of the National 9/11 Memorial. The underground museum by Davis Brody Bond and the aboveground atrium pavilion by Snà ¸hetta opened in May 2014. Together, all of the architectural elements are known as the National September 11 Memorial Museum. The Memorial by Arad and Walker is an open park space, free to the public. The underground museum, includingthe infamous slurry wall that holds back the Hudson River, is open for a fee. The September 11 memorial site is designed to honor the nearly 3,000 people who were killed in New York, Pennsylvania, and at the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, and also the six people who died when terrorists bombed the New York World Trade Center on February 26, 1993. More generally, the National 9/11 Memorial speaks out against terrorism everywhere and offers a promise of renewal. Who Is Michael Arad? Michael Sahar Arad was one of six recipients of the Young Architects Award given by the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in 2006. By 2012 Arad was one of fifteen Architects of Healing receiving a special AIA medal for his Reflecting Absence design of the National 9/11 Memorial in New York City. Arad was born in Israel, 1969, and served in the Israeli Military from 1989 to 1991. He arrived in the US in 1991 to go to school, earning a BA in Government from Dartmouth College (1994) and a Masters in Architecture from Georgia Institute of Technology (1999). He signed on with Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (KPF) from 1999 to 2002, and after 9-11 worked for the New York City Housing Authority from 2002 to 2004. Since 2004 Arads been a partner at Handel Architects LLP. In the Words of Michael Arad Im proud to be an American. I was not born in this country, nor was I born to American parents. Becoming an American was something I chose to do, and Im so grateful for that privilege because I love the values of this country and Im grateful for the opportunities this country has given me first as a student and then as an architect. America epitomizes for me liberty and equality, tolerance and a belief in shared sacrifices. It is a noble social experiment that depends on every generations engagement and belief in it. The design of the Memorial of the World Trade Center is a physical manifestation of these values and beliefs. It is a design formed by my experiences in New York in the aftermath of the attacks, where I witnessed the remarkable response of the City as a community, united in its most trying hour; united in compassion and courage, determined and stoic. The public spaces of the City - places like Union Square and Washington Square - were the sites where this incredible civic response took shape, and, in fact, it could not have taken shape without them. These public spaces informed and gave shape to the response of its citizens and their design is open democratic forms reflect our shared values and beliefs in a civic and democratic society based on freedom, liberty, and yet even the individual pursuit of happiness what else is a pursuit of solace in the face of grief. Public spaces form our shared responses and our understanding of ourselves and our place within society, not as spectators, but as participants, as engaged citizens, as a community of people united by a shared destiny. What better way to respond to that attack and to honor the memory of those who perished than to construct another vessel for that community, another public space, a new forum, a place that affirms our values and imparts them to us and to future generations. It has been a remarkable privilege and responsibility to be part of this effort. I am humbled and honored to be part of it, and I am grateful for the recognition this award bestows on the efforts of my colleagues and myself. Thank you very much. - Architects of Healing Ceremony, American Institute of Architects, May 19, 2012, Washington, D.C. Sources for This Article: Reflecting Absence, commentary by Michael Arad from Places magazine, May 2009 (at http://places.designobserver.com/media/pdf/Reflecting_Abs_1162.pdf)The Breaking of Michael Arad, New York magazineCost and Safety Put Memorials Striking Vision at Risk, New York TimesReflecting Absence: Exploring The 9/11 Memorial, Huffington Post9/11 Memorial Nears Completion, Ending Complicated, Contentious Process at old.gothamgazette.com/article/arts/20110714/1/3565, Gotham GazetteIroning Out Where to Purpose 9/11†²s Iconic Steel Cross, New York Observer9/11 Memorial Official SiteLower Manhattan Development Corporation (LMDC) at www.lowermanhattan.info/construction/project_updates/world_trade_center_memorial_93699.aspxThe Port Authority website at www.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/memorial-museum.htmlLower Manhattan Construction Command Center Project Update at lowermanhattan.info/construction/project_updates/world_trade_center_memorial_93699.aspx

If you could be anyone in history, who would it be and why Essay

If you could be anyone in history, who would it be and why - Essay Example Florence Nightingale was one such woman who performed extraordinary services for mankind in an era when sexism was a major sociological issue but she did not get bound by societal norms and she moved ahead to serve the human race. If I could be anyone in the history of this world, I would opt to be Florence Nightingale. This is because her services can never be forgotten and her name is linked with the profession of nursing and it is the first name to come in the mind of a person when he thinks about the hospital industry.  Florence Nightingale was in the true meaning a woman of spirit. She was a bold lady who could have lived in luxuries for her entire life owing to the fact that she belonged to a rich family. But she chose to perform a greater role of helping the beings in suffering. She carried out an exemplary role by assisting wounded soldiers during the war which was a very difficult task at that time owing to the lack of resources. She came over all the obstacles that came i n her way and proved the fact that determination can make a person achieve anything. She was the first nurse and she laid the block for the creation of the profession of nursing which is one of the most important fields required for the health industry in today’s world. Therefore, seeing her strong character and her determination in her field of choice I would have really wanted to be in her place. I would have wanted to be remembered in the same way as she is in the world today owing to the exemplary good acts that she performed.

Hazardous Waste Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hazardous Waste - Essay Example The site initially belonged to Hooker Chemical who later sold it to Niagara Falls School Board for $ 1 in 1953. Hooker Chemicals were using the site for burying toxic waste. By the time of selling the site, Hooker Chemicals had buried 22,000 tons of toxic waste that they revealed in the sales agreement. However, construction projects and rainstorms on the site released the waste causing an environmental disaster. As a result, the inhabitants overflowed in to the waste. This characterized the infamous Love Canal case (Stoss and Fabian 1). The Ivory Coast case took place in 2006 at the capital city of Ivory coast, port of Abidjan. A tanker ship chattered by Trafigura oil and commodity shipping company disposed a 500 tone waste mixture of fuel, caustic soda, and hydrogen sulfide in the city. A local Ivorian contractor dumped the mixture around the city. Although Trafigura denied transportation and knowledge of improper disposal of any toxic waste, the gas emissions from the hazardous waste claimed 17 lives and injured many. As a result, the oil company paid $ 198 Million for cleanup to the Ivorian government in exchange of liability of prosecution (Amnesty International 1). In the Love Canal case, the government and Hooker Chemical were at fault. All these parties were aware of the eminent danger posed by the buried waste chemical yet they did nothing to avert the crisis. The US government had to relocate 800 affected families and indemnify them for their homes. The Occidental Petroleum paid fines worth $129 million for the Love Canal case. In the Ivory Coast case, the Trafigura Oil Shipping Company, the local Ivorian contractors were at fault for improper disposal of hazardous waste. Trafigura Oil Company paid $ 198 Million to the Ivorian government for clean up though it denied liability for dumping. The local Ivorian contractor got a 20 years jail sentence for improper disposal. The Comprehensive

Statistics project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Statistics Project Example Referring to Table 1 above, the sales size was significantly, positively correlated with the number of full-time employees (Ï  = 0.237, p From the onset, it is clear that the relationship between the number of part-timers and sales size does not follow a linear pattern. This is because of the earlier noted correlation coefficient that is not statistically significant. The bivariate relationships between the sales size and each of the independent variables are shown in Figures 1-4. The scatter plots indicate whether the nature of the relationship between two variables can be depicted either in a linear or non-linear manner. A linear relationship indicates that the rate of change in one variable results in a proportional change in the other (Bryan and Heagerty 2014). If the relationship is non-linear, it is impossible to arrive at the same conclusion as above. From Figure 1, the rate of increase in the size of sales (in square meters) does not appear to correspond to the increase in the number of

Overview Of Hotel Reservation Software Information Technology Essay

Overview Of Hotel Reservation Software Information Technology Essay If guest want to make reservation, they need to call Hotel Front Office to reserve desired room. In this case, Receptionists have to record all Room information and Customer information which concerns with particular reservation with manually paper based system. Besides, Front Desk processes (Check In, Check Out, etc) have been recorded with paper based system as well. In other words, it can be said that all processes of Front Desk in Hotel are undertaken to run with paper bases system. Thus, Data inconsistent problems are faced due to processing with paper system. Furthermore, data are not easily review as it needs to store huge range of data and problems can occurred when searching associated records. For instance, Front Office Staff will get trouble when they want to search record of customer who stays in hotel over 5 times for discount promotion factors. Thus, people change to use computerized system which is more effective than paper based system. Because of using computerized system, long term record can be review easily and quickly, data security can be limited with authorization procedures and besides, profit and loss record of Hotel can be checked and reviewed by Management level. From these time, Hotel Reservation General Suite are more effective as time over. Why is Hotel Reservation System used in web? The main purpose of hotel reservation system in the web is to become real time processing system. A online hotel reservation software is used by businesses to mechanize their day-to-day operations such as reservations, room bookings, check-ins or check outs. Basically, it serves the purpose of easing out the woes of the hotel management as well as that of the customers, who are extremely important in the hospitality business. A online hotel reservation software is developed for compatibility with the internet. Such online hotel reservation software is used for the purpose of different types of accommodations like Hotels, University accommodation letting, Hotels and Guesthouses, Cabins, Cottages, Villas, Hostels or any other room booking through internet, thus adding to the convenience of the customers. Advantages The online hotel reservation software system helps to boost revenue as it saves processing time and also helps to provide better management in cases of booking system and room reservation. The software application system can be used to manage the daily transactions of a hotel, which includes restaurant billing, reservation billing, check-ins, check outs and a complete accounting section. This type of software is a contemporary solution which has whole variety of detailed modules to cover each function in managing a hotel. With the online hotel reservation software, the bookings and transactions can be done virtually any time of the day and from anywhere in the world. With hotel software installed, the staffing can be reduced significantly by the management and also, because fully functional software is being used, the chances of errors too become nil. 2. Analysis 2.1. Requirements Gathering and Observation Overview This system is currently based on the functionality of Inya Lake Hotel at 37, Kaba Aye, Pagoda Road, Yangon (Rangoon), Myanmar. This was built in the 1960. This hotel is situated on the borders of the Inya Lake, just 15 minute drive from the city center and is conveniently close to the airport. As it is one of the great and splendid hotel in yangon, it offers great facilities such as function halls containing events Banquet and conference facilities, wedding with different Package, Dinning, Fitness center, Swimming Pool, Tennis etc. Furthermore, this hotel provides 175 guest rooms raging from Superior to Presidential with fully equipment. Background of the project The name of the hotel is Inya Lake which has 5 types of rooms such as single, double, family, superior. The guests who check-in to the hotel must firstly complete a registration form. Sometimes guests do not directly check-in to the hotel, they reserve type of room they want. And then they check-in to the hotel with their reserved room so that reserved rooms are not available for directly check-in guest until withdrawing reservation Block reservation may be made by travel agents for tour groups. When they arrive, check-in and register procedures are carried out as usual and allocated to their reserved rooms. Check out and payment procedures are also the same as normal guests. Reservation may come from guests or travel agent via telephone. Inya Lake hotel also has restaurant which serve food and meal for guest. Laundry, telephone, and mini bar service are available to the customer. When guest takes these services, associated staff procedure and restaurant bill and send bill to the Front Office department. When guest request check out, receptionist calculate bill and procedure check out bill. Payment is made by guests when they check-out, Bill which contains room charges and other charges is produced to guest. Introduction to System The main responsible person in the Hotel Reservation Processes is Receptionist (Front-Office staff) who needs a system that will enable them to check whether a reservation request is possible record the booking retrieve the booking at the appropriate time. It does not matter how the request for a reservation is made; the system of processing will remain the same. The current system process for reservation is as follows and all of these processes are operating manually; Guest Reservation by telephone, fax, personal Check-in process Check-out process Payment process Guest Reservation First of all, guest reservation process is first phase of the Guest Cycle, in other words Pre-arrival phase which involves activities, for instance, reservation by preferred method (telephone, fax, personal), identification of source of business, prepayment, and other pre-arrival activities. The minimum information require in this process are When? How long? Who? and What type of room? Receptionist have to check at Room List to make sure there is available room to reserve. Consequently, the receptionist will respond with Price, Conditions and other further answers that guest require. After confirming with Room List and Guest, receptionist has to add reservation information in the Reservation Records. Guest Registration Guest Registration process contain in Arrival phase of the Guest Cycle. This process contains identification of guest status, room assignment, rate assignment, establishment of credit. Registration process has two types; registration with prior reservation or registration without reservation. If they have a reservation they will be allocated to a reserved room of the requested type. However, if they have no reservation, they are allocated to an available room which matches their requirements. There is no online payment accept by hotel currently, and customer need to pay advance paid when check in to the hotel. Check-in process After Registration process, check-in procedures carry out, eg. after filling registration form, creation of guest account, issuing of room key and rooming of guest are included in check-in procedures. As for check-in procedures, receptionist has to fill Guest information (Guest account) to the file and record all guest information required. Prepayment task will involve in the check-in procedure by guest preferred method. After issuing room key, check-in procedure is completed. Check-out process In a check-out time, a full list of room charges and unpaid services as well as any prepayments are produced as a bill. The guest pays any outstanding amounts and is issued with a receipt to continue to go payment process. Receptionist has to communicate with other departments such as Food Beverages, Services, Telephone operating, etc to make sure all bill to collect till guest request to check-out (returning room key). Payment process Guest can give their suitable cost by different method in payment process when they are check out from the hotel; Cash, Credit Card, Cheque, Foreign currency. Reporting Process The middle management level can see the operation transaction reports that are reserve, check in, check out and guest. The top management level can see the strategic reports such as which room is mostly check in search by period, which room is mostly reserve search by period, and monthly and yearly report. Fact Finding There are many fact-finding methods. There are observation, record searching, special purpose record searching records, sampling, questionnaires, interview and workshops. Among these, I had used some methods to get required facts and information. Among these, I used some methods to gather the required information. Both Observation and Interviewing are used to get require information. Firstly, I interview with the employees of the InyaLake Hotel to know domain of the organization and what they need. And then I interview with the management level of the InyaLake Hotel to get different requirement with different point of view. After that I collected the require form check out voucher and other external services voucher and so on. Secondly, I used formal or informal observation, and both are equally useful. Formal observation is a planned, conscious approach, which involves watching an operation or procedure for a specific period. But informal observation should be used at all times when investigating user operation. I observed the procedures of currently used system and collected all necessary facts by analyzing documents and interviewing the customers and owner of the system. In addition, I also surf the web from various brands of the not only online hotel reservation software and online front desk software. Prioritization Requirements Requirement should be prioritized. One way to do this by use of the MoScoW rules, MoScoW stands for Must Have requirement are the highest priority functional requirements. Without then the system will be unworkable and useless. These requirements constitute the minimal usable subset of all requirements. For my system, reservation, check in, check out are highest priority. Should Have requirement are the next priority group. In a less time constrained project they would belong to the first group, but the system will be useful and usable without them. For my system, room gallery and external services sub system is that a kind of priority. Could Have requirement are those that can be more easily left out of the increment which is being developed. It means they are going to included later. For my system, expand and inventory control are that kind of requirement. Want to have but will not have this time round requirements are those which can wait until later development takes place. For my system, Payroll for staff is a kind of requirement. Introduction of UML UML or Unified Modelling Language is a multipurpose modelling language that aims to provide a standard for modelling a system. UML consists of various diagrams used to model a system from initial idea to an implement able project. Each model carries the specifications and requirement of that same system from different point of view. For example, the users of a particular system only want to know what the system can do while the designer will design what and how many functions or tasks in that system. But a programmer or engineer needs to know how to perform a particular function or how each task affect each other. All this can be realize using UML diagrams. UML provides standard methods and notation to create these models as well as guideline to transform one model to another model while preserving the consistency between models. UML is a collaboration of several traditional modelling concepts and notation. It is first created by Grady Booch, James Rumbaugh and Ivar Jacobson during 1994. UML is a non proprietary modelling language but its ownership and evolution responsibility is governed by Object Management Group (OMG). The application of UML is very wide. It is not only used in object oriented systems analysis and design. It is also used widely in all phases of complex software development life cycles, development of many systems engineering, as well as in modelling of many business processes. UML is not dependent on any programming languages and strongly highlight the concept of reuse, layering, partitioning and modularity. In general, UML is design to be flexible, extendable and open to many specific applications or industries. UML provides guideline on how to extend a system using stereotypes method. Introduction to UML Diagram According to the new OMGs information, there are a total of thirteen types of diagrams define in the latest UML 2.0, which is divided into three categories namely static structure, behaviour and interaction. Static structure models include the Class diagram, Object diagram, Component diagram, Composite Structure diagram, Package diagram, and Deployment diagram. Behaviour models include the Use Case diagram, Activity diagram, and State diagram. And lastly interaction models include the Sequence diagram, Communication diagram, Timing diagram, and Interaction Overview diagram. Each of the diagrams serves its own purpose and is strongly related to each other. InyaLake Hotel Use Case Use Case Description Register Customer this use case described to customer register for the system. In other word, it mostly intended for member customer. This use case exist top of the diagram because the other transaction need to work after the registration process. Reserve Room Type this use case identify the booking of the room type. It includes two types of booking that are online and offline. The online booking only performs for registration member and the offline booking carry out for guest. Check In this use case explain for customer check in room when a customer from booking or direct check in. Take Service this use case mean when the customers check in room in hotel, they can request the service form a hotel. After finishing of the request service, the staff will perform their request service. Check Out -this use case describes the customer request check out the room from a hotel. In this process, the system will perform calculation both room charges and service charges. Finally, the system produces a bill for customer. Use Case: Reserve Room Type Primary Scenario 1. The use case starts when a customer enters the reservation link. 2. The system will show login screen. 3. A customer enters the email and password in a login form. 4. The system will display reservation page. 5. The system will generate the auto reservation id for a particular customer. 6. A customer enters a total guest in the reservation form. 7. A customer selects arrival date and departure date in the reservation from. 8. A customer chooses a room types and fill a number of room to stay in the hotel and click the add button. 9. The system will show the reserve room type list in the screen. 10. A customer presses the Reserve button to reservation. 11. The system will verify the information, save reservation information, use case ends. Secondary Scenario 1. The use case starts when a customer enters the reservation link. 2. The system will show login screen. 3. If a customer has not a member, a customer clicks the sign up button to show register page. 4. The system will show register screen and auto generate the Member ID. 5. The customer enter Name, Password, Nationality, NRC/Passport, Phone, Gender, DOB, Email, Address and click the register button. 6. The system will transfer login screen again. 7. A customer enters the email and password in a login form. 8. The system will display reservation page. 9. The system will generate the auto reservation id for a particular customer. 10. A customer enters a total guest in the reservation form. 11. A customer selects arrival date and departure date in the reservation from. 12. A customer chooses a room types and fill a number of room to stay in the hotel and click the add button. 13. The system will show the reserve room type list in the screen. 14. A customer presses the reserve button to reservation. 15. The system will verify the information, save reservation information, use case ends. Use Case: Check In Primary Scenario 1. The use case starts when a staff enters the check in link. 2. A staff selects a member or guest who makes reservation. 3. The system will display member Information, reserved room information. 4. A staff selects room type. 5. The system will show available room information. 6. A staff chooses a room from available room list to check in. 7. A staff clicks the check in button to check in. 8. The system will verify the information, save check in information, use case ends. Secondary Scenario 1. The use case starts when a staff enters the check in link. 2. A staff selects a member or guest who makes reservation. 3. à ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‹â€ Ãƒ ¡Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹Ãƒ ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‹â€ Ãƒ ¡Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹If a member or guest is not to make reservation. 4. A staff selects check in date and check out date. 5. If a customer is guest enter guest information else enter the member id to verify valid member. 6. A staff enter total guest. 7. A staff selects room type. 5. The system will show available room information. 6. A staff chooses a room from available room list to check in. 7. A staff clicks the check in button to check in. 8. The system will verify the information, save check in information, use case ends. Use Case: Take Service Primary Scenario 1. The use case starts when a staff enters the service taken link. 2. A staff enters to room no to take service. 3. The system will shows check in information and produce service taken form. 4. A staff enters a service voucher number. 5. A staff selects a service type. 6. A system will show relevant service item and price. 7. A staff enters amount of service item. 8. The system will calculate and display total amount. 9. A staff press add button to take service. 10. The system will display service taken list and services total. 11. A staff clicks the save button. 12. The system will verify the information, save check in information, use case ends. Secondary Scenario 1. The use case starts when a staff enters the service taken link. 2. A staff enters to room no to take service. 3. The system will shows check in information and produce service taken form. 4. A staff enters a service voucher number. 5. A staff selects a service type. 6. A system will show relevant service item and price. 7. A staff enters amount of service item. 8. The system will calculate and display total amount. 9. A staff press add button to take service. 10. The system will display service taken list and services total. 11. A staff clicks the save button. 12. The system will verify the information, save check in information, use case ends. Alternative Paths 2. If there is not found check in room, the system will show error message and use case ends. Use Case: Check Out Primary Scenario 1. The use case starts when a staff enters check out link. 2. A staff select member id or guest name choose to check out. 3. The system will show check in information, check in room and total room charges information, service taken and service taken charges information. 4. A staff clicks the check out button. 5. The system will verify the information, save check in information, use case ends. Alternative Paths 2. If there is not found member id, guest name, the system will show error message and use case ends. Secondary Scenario 1. The use case starts when a staff enters check out link. 2. A staff select room number choose to check out. 3. The system will show check in information, check in room and total room charges information, service taken and service taken charges information. 4. A staff clicks the check out button. 5. The system will verify the information, save check in information, use case ends. Alternative Paths 2. If there is not found room number, the system will show error message and use case ends. Class Diagram Why divide member and guest table? In a hotel, every guest cannot be fill registration and they may want to stay only one time to stay that hotel. In this situation, I separate the two types of customers that are guest which do not fill registration and may be one time customer for each hotel and member who comes often/always come to hotel. Why I made generalization for user table?